## Does the Universe Have a Mirror Sector?

[This is a repost of the popular introduction page on the new mirror matter theory]

Modern physics is pillared by Einstein’s theory of general relativity (that defines spacetime and the gravitational force) and the Standard Model as the best known quantum theory (that governs quantum particles and the other known interactions). Despite tremendous successes of the two theories and decades of more scientific efforts, there remains a wide range of puzzling phenomena in fundamental physics and the dream of unification of general relativity and quantum theory has never come true.

## My new paper on black holes

I am a little bit late to celebrate Einstein’s birthday. But here is my new paper that extends Einstein’s 4-d General Relativity to a 2-d spacetime model with new understanding and studies the black hole as a genuine 2-d object. Unfortunately,  arXiv did not help again this time and put my submission on hold one more time. Most likely, they are going to reject it again like my last paper in a few weeks.

The new model predicts a neutron/quark star mass limit of less than 2.5 solar mass that is compatible with observation. For more massive stars, the ever softer equation of state in 4-d spacetime will eventually cause a core collapse to a temperature above 1016 GeV. The 4-d spacetime then undergoes phase transition to 2-d spacetime with much reduced degrees of freedom to re-stabilize the star as a true 2-d black hole.

## No theory of everything

Here is my new paper that provides a dynamic view on theory of everything. Normally arXiv should have it posted online on Feb. 4 but instead has put it on hold for nearly two weeks. So I have to submit it as an OSF preprint and to the archive of “crackpottery”[viXra:2002.0262] since arXiv is probably considering the paper a crackpot. It can also be downloaded from this page with all my papers on mirror matter theory (A persistent link of my mirror papers is also on the side menu). Below is the popular summary of this paper:

No single unification theory of everything. The universe is dynamic and so are the underlying physical models and spacetime. As our 4-d spacetime evolves dimension by dimension in the early universe, consistent yet different models emerge one by one with different sets of particles and interactions. A new set of first principles are proposed for building such models with new understanding of supersymmetry, mirror symmetry, and the dynamic mechanism – spontaneous symmetry breaking. Under this framework, the arrow of time is naturally explained and the Standard Model of physics is elegantly extended to time zero of the universe.

## Converting dark matter search programs to mirror matter studies

In light of the newly developed model (M3 and SM3 ), if further confirmed, most effort of current dark matter search will be destined to failures. Indeed, there is nothing to detect if there is no direct interaction, however weak, between normal particles and dark (mirror) particles. This makes all the Weakly-Interacting-Massive-Particle-like (WIMP-like) or axion search programs to no avail. However, the advancement of the detection technology with the past efforts including those for the detection of neutrinos could be rekindled to a new life for the studies of mirror matter.

## Consistent origin of matter-antimatter imbalance and dark matter in the early universe

This is an excerpt for media people or science journalists. A good story could be written from my two newly published papers (out of six). My personal goal would be to wake up some of the most relevant experimentalists. This should be a win-win situation and I hope it won’t fall on deaf ears. Here is the plain-English summary of the two published works (arXiv:1902.01837 & arXiv:1904.03835):

Matter-antimatter asymmetry and dark matter as two of the biggest puzzles in the Universe can be consistently and quantitatively understood under a new mirror-matter theory. The new theory assumes that there exist two parallel sectors of particles that share nothing but gravity and it leads to neutral particle oscillations because of slightly broken mirror symmetry. Specifically, neutron and kaon oscillations with new understanding of quark condensation and phase transition processes in the early Universe provide the necessary mechanism. The idea is that kaon oscillations first create a potential amount of matter-antimatter asymmetry at the stage of strange quark condensation. A new topological transition process (coined “quarkiton”) can then preserve the generated matter-antimatter asymmetry. Without such an asymmetry, we would not have lived in a universe of galaxies and stars. In the end, neutron oscillations convert most of the matter to mirror matter which corresponds to the dark matter we have observed today. Under the same framework, another so-called U(1) or strong CP problem that has baffled particle physicists for almost half a century is understood as well.

## Paper on matter-antimatter imbalance (another M$$^3$$ work) accepted for publication

Another paper for the study of baryon asymmetry of the universe based on the mirror-matter model (M3) has just been accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D.

This is another piece of work that firmly establishes the connections between the new mirror-matter model and cosmology. It is also the bridge leading to the full-fledged extended Standard Model with Mirror Matter (SM3).

## Understanding the mirror sector of the Universe

It’s been half a year since I posted the 1st of my papers about mirror-matter on arXiv on the Chinese New Year day of 2019 (BTW, year of the pig). Here is the brief summary of my work.

Understanding the mirror sector of the Universe
–to solve the puzzles of dark matter, baryogenesis, neutron lifetime, and star evolution

Originated from Lee and Yang’s seminal work on parity violation, a rather exact mirror matter model is proposed using spontaneous mirror symmetry breaking, which results in oscillations of neutral particles [1]. As it turns out, neutron-mirror neutron (n-n’) oscillations become one of the best messengers between the ordinary and the mirror worlds. The new n-n’ model resolves the neutron lifetime discrepancy, i.e., the 1% difference between measurements from “Beam” and “Bottle” experiments. The picture of how the mirror-to-ordinary matter density ratio is evolved in the early universe into today’s observed dark-to-baryon matter density ratio (~5.4) is gracefully demonstrated. A new theory of evolution and nucleosynthesis in stars [2] based on the new model of n-n’ oscillations presents remarkable agreement between the predictions and the observations. For example, progenitor mass limits and structures for white dwarfs and neutron stars, two different types of core collapse supernovae (Type II-P and Type II-L), synthesis of heavy elements, pulsating phenomena in stars, etc, can all be easily and naturally explained under the new theory.

More intriguingly, a natural extension of the new model applying kaon oscillations in the early universe shows a promising solution to the long-standing baryon asymmetry problem with new insights for the QCD phase transition and B-violation topological processes [3]. A consistent picture for the origin of both baryon asymmetry and dark matter can then be depicted with kaon and neutron oscillations under the new model. In addition, puzzles in ultrahigh energy cosmic rays have also been explained under the new mirror-matter model [4]. Last but not least, various laboratory measurements using current best technology are proposed to test the model and the extended CKM matrix [5].