{"id":15,"date":"2015-01-04T14:28:38","date_gmt":"2015-01-04T18:28:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.nd.edu\/communism-spring-2015\/?page_id=15"},"modified":"2015-03-01T15:31:57","modified_gmt":"2015-03-01T19:31:57","slug":"page-3","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/communism-spring-2015\/page-3\/","title":{"rendered":"SAVIORS"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"posttitle\" style=\"color: #333333\"><strong>19.\u00a0 LECTURE: Wednesday, February 25<\/strong><\/div>\n<div class=\"posttitle\" style=\"color: #333333\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"entry\" style=\"color: #333333\"><strong><br \/>\nKhrushchev Attempts to Rejuvenate Leninism.\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0Stalin\u2019s death (<a style=\"color: #185e15\" href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=T-EwVVm89og&amp;feature=related\">video<\/a>\u00a0in Russian) was a world- historical event.\u00a0 In 1953, the question was how to take advantage of the opportunity.\u00a0 The party&#8217;s new First Secretary,<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_103\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-103\" style=\"width: 480px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.nd.edu\/communism-spring-2015\/files\/2015\/01\/khrushchev-and-shoe.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-103\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.nd.edu\/communism-spring-2015\/files\/2015\/01\/khrushchev-and-shoe.jpg\" alt=\"Nikita Khrushchev shakes his shoe while speaking at the United Nations\" width=\"480\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/communism-spring-2015\/files\/2015\/01\/khrushchev-and-shoe.jpg 480w, https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/communism-spring-2015\/files\/2015\/01\/khrushchev-and-shoe-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-103\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nikita Khrushchev shakes his shoe while speaking at the United Nations<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><a style=\"color: #185e15\" href=\"http:\/\/blogs.nd.edu\/communism-fall2011\/files\/2011\/08\/khr2.jpg\"><br \/>\n<\/a>Nikita Khrushchev, answered this question in one of the most dramatic speeches in the history of world communism.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<div>\u201cZ\u201d (Martin Malia), \u201cTo the Stalin Mausoleum,\u201d section VIII.\u00a0\u00a0<em>Course Reader<\/em><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div>Nikita Khrushchev\u2019s secret speech to the 20th Congress of the CPSU, February 25, 1956:\u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.nd.edu\/communism-spring-2015\/khrushchevs-secret-speech\/\">HERE<\/a>.\u00a0 (<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Print and Read<\/span>)<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div>William Rosenberg and Marilyn Young,\u00a0<em>Transforming Russia and China<\/em>, pp. 244-74.<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><br \/>\n20. \u00a0DISCUSSION SECTION: \u00a0Friday, February 27<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>We will not have discussion sections this week because you have been writing your papers. \u00a0Greg will make arrangements for you to turn in your paper.<\/p>\n<p><strong><br \/>\n21.\u00a0 LECTURE: \u00a0Monday<em>, March 2<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Crisis in Eastern Europe:\u00a0 Hungary and Poland<\/strong>.\u00a0 The striking difference between the tumultuous events in Hungary and Poland in 1956 is that one led to military intervention by Soviet bloc troops (see the video <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ihS_D0Btaz8\">HERE<\/a>\u00a0of the Hungarian revolution) and the other did not.\u00a0 What did Hungary\u2019s leaders do that Poland\u2019s leaders managed to avoid?\u00a0 Were the\u00a0issues different?<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<div><em>Previously secret:\u00a0\u00a0<\/em>In an, at times, perversely sardonic speech, Nikita Khrushchev reports to party activists: November 4, 1956:\u00a0\u00a0<a style=\"color: #185e15\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nd.edu\/~amcadams\/Communism_2010\/khrushchevonhungary.html\">HERE<\/a><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div>Map of Budapest (for my lecture):\u00a0\u00a0<a style=\"color: #185e15\" href=\"http:\/\/maps.google.com\/maps?um=1&amp;hl=en&amp;rls=com.microsoft:en-us&amp;q=budapest%20map%20google%20world&amp;ie=UTF-8&amp;sa=N&amp;tab=il\">HERE<\/a><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div><strong><br \/>\n22. LECTURE: \u00a0Wednesday<em>, March 4<\/em><\/strong><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n<p><strong><br \/>\nRe-revolutionizing Communism in China<\/strong>:\u00a0 \u201c<a style=\"color: #185e15\" href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=PDvJYs_yESY&amp;feature=related\">The East is Red<\/a>.\u201c\u00a0 Like Stalin\u2019s terror in the Soviet Union, China\u2019s Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution is an event that defies easy explanation, both because of its goals and because of its savage brutality (<a style=\"color: #185e15\" href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=bkt6O4QW45s&amp;feature=related\">video<\/a>).\u00a0 One question is why Mao unleashed his terror.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_220\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-220\" style=\"width: 474px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.nd.edu\/communism-spring-2015\/files\/2015\/01\/Mao-and-GPCR.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-220\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.nd.edu\/communism-spring-2015\/files\/2015\/01\/Mao-and-GPCR-1024x521.png\" alt=\"Mao Zedong:  &quot;We must implement the Proletarian Cultural Revolution to the finish.&quot;\" width=\"474\" height=\"241\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-220\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mao Zedong: &#8220;We must implement the Proletarian Cultural Revolution to the finish.&#8221;<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Another is why he was\u00a0<em>able<\/em>\u00a0to do it.\u00a0 Why would anyone agree to destroy one\u2019s country in order to rebuild it?\u00a0 Among the peasantry and many young communists, there was enormous enthusiasm for the Cultural Revolution, as well as for the tragic Great Leap Forward that preceded it.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Rosenberg and Young,\u00a0<em>Transforming Russia and China.<\/em> \u00a0Read the\u00a0remaining chapters on China,\u00a0 including the Great Leap Forward and the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution.\u00a0 (In my opinion, the authors&#8217; account of the Cultural Revolution is a bit too positive. \u00a0This decade-long assault on society led to the deaths of millions of people.<\/li>\n<li>\n<div>Mao Zedong, \u201cOn the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the People,\u201d February 27, 1957:\u00a0\u00a0<a style=\"color: #185e15\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nd.edu\/~amcadams\/Communism_2010\/Correcthandling.html\">HERE<\/a>. (<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Print and Read<\/span>)<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div>Deng Xiaoping,\u00a0 \u201cCorrectly Disseminate Mao Zedong Thought,\u201d May 25, 1960:\u00a0\u00a0<a style=\"color: #185e15\" href=\"http:\/\/english.peopledaily.com.cn\/dengxp\/vol1\/text\/a1340.html\">HERE<\/a>.\u00a0 (<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Print and Read<\/span>)<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div>\u201cCircular on the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution,\u201d May 16, 1966:\u00a0<a style=\"color: #185e15\" href=\"http:\/\/www.marxists.org\/subject\/china\/documents\/cpc\/cc_gpcr.htm\">HERE<\/a>\u00a0 (<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Print and Read<\/span>)<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div>If you feel like any background reading, read this previously secret\u00a0CIA Intelligence Report: \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.foia.cia.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/document_conversions\/14\/polo-30.pdf\">HERE<\/a><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<figure id=\"attachment_221\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-221\" style=\"width: 474px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.nd.edu\/communism-spring-2015\/files\/2015\/01\/GPCR-Red-Guards.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-221\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.nd.edu\/communism-spring-2015\/files\/2015\/01\/GPCR-Red-Guards-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"Triumphant Red Guards hold up Mao Zedong's &quot;Little Red Book&quot;\" width=\"474\" height=\"267\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/communism-spring-2015\/files\/2015\/01\/GPCR-Red-Guards-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/communism-spring-2015\/files\/2015\/01\/GPCR-Red-Guards-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/communism-spring-2015\/files\/2015\/01\/GPCR-Red-Guards.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 474px) 100vw, 474px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-221\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Triumphant Red Guards hold up Mao Zedong&#8217;s &#8220;Little Red Book&#8221;<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>23.\u00a0 DISCUSSION SECTION:\u00a0<em>Friday, March 6<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Please read Khrushchev&#8217;s &#8220;Report to the Twentieth Party Congress.&#8221; \u00a0Write a paragraph about the following question: \u00a0Is there an unavoidable \u00a0contradiction between Khrushchev&#8217;s efforts to revitalize the communist party and his critique of Stalin&#8217;s policies?<\/p>\n<div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>MID-TERM BREAK: \u00a0No classes March 9-13<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><em>The use of electronic devices of any kind, including laptops, video cameras, cell phones, and Notre Dame surveillance cameras, is not allowed in my classroom!<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>19.\u00a0 LECTURE: Wednesday, February 25 Khrushchev Attempts to Rejuvenate Leninism.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Stalin\u2019s death (video\u00a0in Russian) was a world- historical event.\u00a0 In 1953, the question was how to take advantage of the opportunity.\u00a0 The party&#8217;s new First Secretary, Nikita Khrushchev, answered this question in one of the most dramatic speeches in the history of world communism. \u201cZ\u201d (Martin &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/communism-spring-2015\/page-3\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">SAVIORS<\/span> <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":114,"featured_media":358,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-15","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/communism-spring-2015\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/communism-spring-2015\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/communism-spring-2015\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/communism-spring-2015\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/114"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/communism-spring-2015\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15"}],"version-history":[{"count":32,"href":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/communism-spring-2015\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":489,"href":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/communism-spring-2015\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15\/revisions\/489"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/communism-spring-2015\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/358"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/communism-spring-2015\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}