{"id":116,"date":"2026-08-31T20:01:51","date_gmt":"2026-08-31T20:01:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/ghosh-lab\/?page_id=116"},"modified":"2026-10-02T19:47:32","modified_gmt":"2026-10-02T19:47:32","slug":"projects","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/ghosh-lab\/projects\/","title":{"rendered":"Projects"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-white-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-element-button\" href=\"#wifi-coex-6ghz\">Wi-Fi Coexistence in 6 GHz<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-white-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-element-button\" href=\"#cellular\">Analysis of Real-World Cellular Networks<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-white-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-element-button\" href=\"#d2c\">Direct-to-Cell (D2C) Satellite Networks<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-white-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-element-button\" href=\"#cbrs-cband\">CBRS\/C-band Coexistence<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-white-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-element-button\" href=\"#neutral-hosts\">Neutral Hosts for Spectrum Sharing<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-white-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-element-button\" href=\"#io-classification\">Indoor\/Outdoor Classification<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-white-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-element-button\" href=\"#network-intelligence\">Measurement-Driven Wireless Network Intelligence<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-white-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-element-button\" href=\"#platforms\">Platforms for Wireless Data Acquisition and Sharing<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"wifi-coex-6ghz\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Wi-Fi Coexistence in 6 GHz<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"482\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/ghosh-lab\/files\/2026\/09\/6-ghz-project-hero-1024x482.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-137\" style=\"width:700px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/ghosh-lab\/files\/2026\/09\/6-ghz-project-hero-1024x482.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/ghosh-lab\/files\/2026\/09\/6-ghz-project-hero-300x141.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/ghosh-lab\/files\/2026\/09\/6-ghz-project-hero-768x362.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/ghosh-lab\/files\/2026\/09\/6-ghz-project-hero-1536x724.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/ghosh-lab\/files\/2026\/09\/6-ghz-project-hero-2048x965.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Federal Communications Commission&#8217;s (FCC) historic opening of 1,200 MHz in the 6 GHz band (5.925\u20137.125 GHz) for unlicensed use represents one of the most substantial expansions of unlicensed spectrum in history, powering next-generation Wi-Fi 6E and Wi-Fi 7. However, this vast spectrum band is already densely occupied by mission-critical incumbent operations, including fixed point-to-point microwave links utilized by utilities, public safety, and cellular backhaul, as well as broadcast auxiliary services and satellite uplinks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Our research investigates the foundational coexistence and interference dynamics between unlicensed devices and incumbent fixed services across all authorized operating classes: Low Power Indoor (LPI), Standard Power (SP) controlled by Automated Frequency Coordination (AFC) systems, Very Low Power (VLP), and Geofenced Variable Power (GVP). Leveraging our customized, SigCap crowdsensing platform, we have executed unprecedented empirical measurement campaigns across large-scale deployments\u2014including over 16,000 indoor APs across 225 buildings at the University of Michigan, campus-wide deployments at the University of Notre Dame, and outdoor stadium-scale environments with ~900 standard power APs during 80,000-spectator football games.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In close collaboration with the Department of Energy&#8217;s Idaho National Laboratory (INL) and the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) under DOE CESER, we quantify building entry loss (BEL), outdoor signal leakage, additive interference from uncorrelated access points, and the validity of line-of-sight (LoS) propagation models within the main beam of incumbent microwave receivers. We also analyze client-to-client (C2C) communications and conduct ns-3 simulation studies of LPI\/SP self-coexistence. Our empirical findings directly substantiate formal regulatory filings before the FCC and international bodies such as Europe&#8217;s Radio Spectrum Policy Group (RSPG).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Group Participants:<\/strong> Dr. Muhammad Iqbal Rochman, Dr. Seda Dogan-Tusha, Dr. Armed Tusha, Hossein Nasiri, Joshua Roy Palathinkal, Francis A. Gatsi, S.M. Haider Ali Shuvo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Collaborators:<\/strong> Dr. Aaron Striegel, Saeid Mehrdad, Mike Atkins \u2014 University of Notre Dame; James Helzerman\u2014 University of Michigan; Arupjyoti Bhuyan, John M. Beck, Nicholas James Kaminsky \u2014 Idaho National Laboratory; Jay Herman, Tim Godfrey \u2014 Electric Power Research Institute; David Hattey \u2014 Lockard &amp; White, Inc.; Thomas Willis \u2014 AT&amp;T Labs; Hardani Ismu Nabil \u2014 Sebelas Maret University.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary><strong>Publications:<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/document\/d\/196dYqjQlhWg2SsivNZ1-e9gKdoraFFIa\/edit?usp=sharing&amp;ouid=109319745467182415991&amp;rtpof=true&amp;sd=true\">[link]<\/a> Seda Tusha, Muhammad Iqbal Rochman, and Monisha Ghosh \u201c<strong>6 GHz Usage Analysis in Real World<\/strong>,\u201d (2026)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2607.16008\">[link]<\/a> Hardani Ismu Nabil, Muhammad Iqbal Rochman, SM Shuvo, Joshua Roy Palathinkal, and Monisha Ghosh \u201c<strong>App-Based Performance Characterization of Cellular and Wi-Fi Networks in Dense Stadium Deployments<\/strong>,\u201d arXiv preprint arXiv:2607.16008, accepted to 2026 ACM WiNTECH Workshop, (2026)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11587055\/\">[link]<\/a> Saeid Mehrdad, Francis A Gatsi, Muhammad I Rochman, Aaron Striegel, and Monisha Ghosh \u201c<strong>Breaking the Link: Head-Motion Effects on VR Wi-Fi Connectivity Across 5 GHz and 6 GHz<\/strong>,\u201d ICC 2026-IEEE International Conference on Communications, pp. 1\u20136, IEEE, (2026)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.osti.gov\/\">[link]<\/a> Arupjyoti Bhuyan, John M Beck, Nicholas James Kaminski, Jay Herman, Tim Godfrey, David Hattey, Monisha Ghosh, Muhammad Rochman, and Thomas Willis \u201c<strong>DOE CESER 6 GHz Interference Study<\/strong>,\u201d Technical Report, Idaho National Laboratory (INL), Idaho Falls, ID (United States), (2026)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11571164\/\">[link]<\/a> Jay Herman, Tim Godfrey, John M Beck, David Hattey, Muhammad I Rochman, Monisha Ghosh, Tom Willis, and Arupjyoti Bhuyan \u201c<strong>6 GHz Band Sharing Real-world Experimental Investigation Results and Recommendations<\/strong>,\u201d 2026 IEEE International Symposium on Spectrum Innovation (DySPAN), pp. 1\u201310, IEEE, (2026)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11571098\/\">[link]<\/a> Hossein Nasiri, Seda Dogan-Tusha, Francis A Gatsi, and Monisha Ghosh \u201c<strong>Wi-Fi Self-Coexistence in the 6 GHz Band: An ns-3 Evaluation of LPI and SP Usage<\/strong>,\u201d 2026 IEEE International Symposium on Spectrum Innovation (DySPAN), pp. 1\u20136, IEEE, (2026), DOI: 10.1109\/DySPAN69846.2026.11571098<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11456631\/\">[link]<\/a> Monisha Ghosh \u201c<strong>Recent Regulatory Actions in 6 GHz<\/strong>,\u201d IEEE Wireless Communications 33(2), pp. 7\u20138, IEEE, (2026)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11571132\/\">[link]<\/a> Joshua Roy Palathinkal, Hardani Ismu Nabil, Muhammad Iqbal Rochman, Hossein Nasiri, Francis A Gatsi, and Monisha Ghosh \u201c<strong>Evaluating Smartphone GNSS Accuracy for Geofenced 6 GHz Operations<\/strong>,\u201d 2026 IEEE International Symposium on Spectrum Innovation (DySPAN), pp. 1\u20136, IEEE, (2026), DOI: 10.1109\/DySPAN69846.2026.11571132<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11115954\/\">[link]<\/a> Seda Dogan-Tusha, Armed Tusha, Muhammad Iqbal Rochman, Hossein Nasiri, Joshua Roy Palathinkal, Mike Atkins, and Monisha Ghosh \u201c<strong>Evaluation of Indoor\/Outdoor Sharing in the Unlicensed 6 GHz Band<\/strong>,\u201d 2025 IEEE International Symposium on Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (DySPAN), pp. 1\u20136, IEEE, (2025), DOI: 10.1109\/DySPAN64764.2025.11115954<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10856858\/\">[link]<\/a> Seda Do\u011fan-Tusha, Armed Tusha, Muhammad Iqbal Rochman, Hossein Nasiri, and Monisha Ghosh \u201c<strong>Spectrum Sharing Characterization Using Smartphones: Exploring 6 GHz Sharing Through Large-Scale Wi-Fi 6E Measurements<\/strong>,\u201d IEEE Communications Magazine 63(2), pp. 70\u201376, IEEE, (2025)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10694058\/\">[link]<\/a> Seda Dogan-Tusha, Armed Tusha, Hossein Nasiri, Muhammad Iqbal Rochman, and Monisha Ghosh \u201c<strong>Spectrum Sharing in 6 GHz: How is it working out?<\/strong>,\u201d 2024 IEEE 25th International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications (SPAWC), pp. 791\u2013795, IEEE, (2024)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3615453.3616854\">[link]<\/a> Seda Dogan-Tusha, Muhammad Iqbal Rochman, Armed Tusha, Hossein Nasiri, James Helzerman, and Monisha Ghosh \u201c<strong>Evaluating The Interference Potential in 6 GHz: An Extensive Measurement Campaign of A Dense Indoor Wi-Fi 6E Network<\/strong>,\u201d Proceedings of the 17th ACM Workshop on Wireless Network Testbeds, Experimental Evaluation &amp; Characterization (WiNTECH \u201923), pp. 1\u20138, ACM, (2023), DOI: 10.1145\/3615453.3616854<\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"cellular\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Analysis of Real-World Cellular Networks<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">TBA<\/p>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary><strong>Publications:<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"d2c\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Direct-to-Cell (D2C) Satellite Networks<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">TBA<\/p>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary><strong>Publications:<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"cbrs-cband\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">CBRS\/C-band Coexistence<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">TBA<\/p>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary><strong>Publications:<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"neutral-hosts\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Neutral Hosts for Spectrum Sharing<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">TBA<\/p>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary><strong>Publications:<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"io-classification\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Indoor\/Outdoor Classification<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">TBA<\/p>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary><strong>Publications:<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"network-intelligence\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Measurement-Driven Wireless Network Intelligence<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">TBA<\/p>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary><strong>Publications:<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"platforms\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Platforms for Wireless Data Acquisition and Sharing<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">TBA<\/p>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary><strong>Publications:<\/strong><\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n<\/details>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Wi-Fi Coexistence in 6 GHz The Federal Communications Commission&#8217;s (FCC) historic opening of 1,200 MHz in the 6 GHz band (5.925\u20137.125 GHz) for unlicensed use represents one of the most substantial expansions of unlicensed spectrum in history, powering next-generation Wi-Fi 6E and Wi-Fi 7. However, this vast spectrum band is already densely occupied by mission-critical [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5205,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-116","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/ghosh-lab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/116","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/ghosh-lab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/ghosh-lab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/ghosh-lab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5205"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/ghosh-lab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=116"}],"version-history":[{"count":27,"href":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/ghosh-lab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/116\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":162,"href":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/ghosh-lab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/116\/revisions\/162"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/ghosh-lab\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=116"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}