{"id":30,"date":"2012-01-03T17:34:24","date_gmt":"2012-01-03T17:34:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.nd.edu\/laura-carlson\/?page_id=30"},"modified":"2017-02-24T19:50:50","modified_gmt":"2017-02-24T19:50:50","slug":"reference-frames","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/laura-carlson\/?page_id=30","title":{"rendered":"Mapping Time on to Space"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3 style=\"text-align: center\"><b>Mapping Time on to Space<\/b><\/h3>\n<p>Time is an abstract concept that is better understood when mapped onto space. For English speakers, typically a timeline is used that runs horizontally from left (past) to right (future) (Boroditsky, Fuhrman, &amp; McCormick, 2011).\u00a0 However, it is unclear from prior research how the two regions along the timeline are differentiated.\u00a0 In addition, it is unclear whether the left\/right axis corresponds to a primary conceptualization of time onto space.\u00a0 Indeed, there is a prevalence of gestures and metaphors that conceptualize the past as behind and the future as ahead, implicating use of the front\/back axis.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/laura-carlson\/files\/2012\/01\/TimeSpace2.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-289 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/laura-carlson\/files\/2012\/01\/TimeSpace2-300x222.png\" alt=\"TimeSpace2\" width=\"400\" height=\"422\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">Examples of various hand placements<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>In our experiments, participants make temporal judgments of pictures while holding their hands in various positions around their bodies to assess a) whether the body or hands or both are used as an anchor to differentiate regions; and b) whether the front\/back axis can be used as a timeline.\u00a0 We have found independent influences of the body and the hands in anchoring the left\/right axis.\u00a0 We have also found support for the use of the front\/back axis for mapping time, as well as independent influences of the body and the hands in anchoring the front\/back axis.\u00a0 We have also conducted experiments that focus on the scale parameter of a spatial reference frame. We change the temporal scale across trials, and illustrate that the scale parameter is set, as evidenced by a cost when the parameter value changes.\u00a0 We have also examined the correspondence between the spatial scale and the temporal scale, requiring participants to map short or long temporal spans to close or far spatial distances. The results illustrate flexibility in this mapping.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mapping Time on to Space Time is an abstract concept that is better understood when mapped onto space. For English speakers, typically a timeline is used that runs horizontally from left (past) to right (future) (Boroditsky, Fuhrman, &amp; McCormick, 2011).\u00a0 However, it is unclear from prior research how the two regions along the timeline are &hellip; <\/p>\n<p><a class=\"more-link block-button\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/laura-carlson\/?page_id=30\">Continue reading &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":457,"featured_media":0,"parent":53,"menu_order":20,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-30","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","nodate"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/laura-carlson\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/30","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/laura-carlson\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/laura-carlson\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/laura-carlson\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/457"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/laura-carlson\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=30"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/laura-carlson\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/30\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":382,"href":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/laura-carlson\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/30\/revisions\/382"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/laura-carlson\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/53"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/laura-carlson\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=30"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}