{"id":219,"date":"2019-11-23T15:54:40","date_gmt":"2019-11-23T19:54:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/nazli-turan\/?p=219"},"modified":"2021-01-15T13:55:09","modified_gmt":"2021-01-15T17:55:09","slug":"laws-of-nature","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/nazli-turan\/2019\/11\/23\/laws-of-nature\/","title":{"rendered":"Laws of Nature"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1><strong>Pragmatic Laws, Sandra D. Mitchell<\/strong><\/h1>\n<ul>\n<li><u>the most important distinction:<\/u><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u201cThe function of scientific generalizations is to provide expectations of the occurrence of events and patterns of properties. (\u2026) To know when to rely on a generalization to know when it will apply, and this can be decided only under what specific conditions it has applied before.\u201d pg.477.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>The patterns and conditions are two distinct words here. For example, if you\u2019re working with the charged particles, you should be aware of their response to the electrical and magnetic fields, before thinking the gravitational force, which is Cartwright\u2019s obsession. Fields provide patterns but under which conditions? How strong is the magnetic field, for example? Those are the questions you should ask if you want to generalize a rule.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><u>a clarification question\/criticism:<\/u><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u201cThe conditions upon which physical laws are contingent may be more stable through space and time than the contingent relations described in biological laws.\u201d pg.478.<\/p>\n<p>I could not see the primary difference between the physical and biological laws. If they have different traits, then we should question the properties and definition of a law at the beginning. But, this might be the normative approach.<\/p>\n<h1><strong>Do the Laws of Physics State the Facts? Nancy Cartwright<\/strong><\/h1>\n<ul>\n<li><u>the most important distinction:<\/u><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u201cI have argued, a trade\u2010off between factual content and explanatory power. We explain certain complex phenomena as the result of the interplay of simple, causal laws.\u201d pg.15.<\/p>\n<p>I think she is trying to show simplifications and generalizations would result in lack of facticity. It is worth to discuss.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><u>a clarification question\/criticism:<\/u><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u201cBut this law of causal action is highly specific to the situation and will not work for combining arbitrary influences studied by transport theory.\u201d pg. 9.<\/p>\n<p>Fick\u2019s Law is a specific case of the transport equation, if viscosity, body force and bulk velocity are comparably less significant. She is taking a specific case and trying to generalize a rule but the process should be the opposite. The general law is the conservation of momentum and it is represented by the transport equation. Fick\u2019s law is a sub-case of the conservation law. Also, at pg 6, Coulomb\u2019s Law is stated wrong! I just wanted to congratulate the editors of this article (if any)!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pragmatic Laws, Sandra D. Mitchell the most important distinction: \u201cThe function of scientific generalizations is to provide expectations of the occurrence of events and patterns of properties. (\u2026) To know when to rely on a generalization to know when it will apply, and this can be decided only under what specific conditions it has applied [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3115,"featured_media":201,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[32685],"tags":[74900],"class_list":["post-219","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-philosophy-of-science","tag-philosophy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/nazli-turan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/219","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/nazli-turan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/nazli-turan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/nazli-turan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3115"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/nazli-turan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=219"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/nazli-turan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/219\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":377,"href":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/nazli-turan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/219\/revisions\/377"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/nazli-turan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/201"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/nazli-turan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=219"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/nazli-turan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=219"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.nd.edu\/nazli-turan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=219"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}