Do Voters Punish Politicians Who Break Democratic Rules?

A living meta-analysis dashboard by Bermond Scoggins and Marc S. Jacob, updated as new studies are released. It is embedded below, and also available at marc-s-jacob.com/meta-analysis.

The dashboard reports the pooled rate at which voters reject the rule-breaking candidate, a breakdown by country and by study, which kinds of rule-breaking cost a candidate most, whether it matters that the candidate shares the respondent’s party, and how the pattern has changed over time. Each figure states what the underlying studies can and cannot support.