Books
Michael Coppedge, Amanda Edgell, Carl Henrik Knutsen, and Staffan I. Lindberg, eds. Why Democracies Develop and Decline (Cambridge University Press, June 2022).
This volume includes:
Michael Coppedge, Amanda Edgell, Carl Henrik Knutsen, and Staffan I. Lindberg, Chapter 1, “Introduction”;
Michael Coppedge, Benjamin Denison, Paul Friesen, Lucia Tiscornia, and Yang Xu, Chapter 4, “International Influence: The Hidden Dimension”; and
Michael Coppedge, Amanda Edgell, Carl Henrik Knutsen, and Staffan I. Lindberg, Chapter 8, “Causal Sequences in in Long-Term Democratic Development and Decline.”
Michael Coppedge, John Gerring, Adam Glynn, Carl Henrik Knutsen, Staffan I. Lindberg, Daniel Pemstein, Brigitte Seim, Svend-Erik Skaaning, and Jan Teorell, with David Altman, Michael Bernhard, Fernando Bizzarro Neto , Joshua Krusell, Kelly McMann, Matthew Maguire, Kyle Marquardt, Valeriya Mechkova, Farhad Miri, Josefine Pernes, Jeffrey Staton, Natalia Stepanova, Eitan Tzelgov, and Yi-ting Wang, Varieties of Democracy: Measuring Two Centuries of Political Change. (Cambridge University Press, 2020.)
Michael Coppedge, Democratization and Research Methods (Cambridge University Press, 2012).
Michael Coppedge, Strong Parties and Lame Ducks: Presidential Partyarchy and Factionalism in Venezuela (Stanford University Press, hardcover 1994, paperback 1997).
Articles, Chapters, and More
2024
Knutsen, Carl Henrik, Kyle L Marquardt, Brigitte Seim, Michael Coppedge, Amanda Edgell, Juraj Medzihorsky, Daniel Pemstein, Jan Teorell, John Gerring and Staffan I Lindberg. 2023. “Conceptual and Measurement Issues in Assessing Democratic Backsliding.” PS: Political Science & Politics 57(2), 16 pp.
2023
Michael Coppedge, “Causal Sequences within Democracy.” Democracy and Autocracy 21(1), June 2023, pp. 30-31.
Katherine Bersch and Michael Coppedge, Guest Editors. “New Democratization Research Agendas.” Democracy and Autocracy 21(1), June 2023, pp. 3-5.
Carl Henrik Knutsen, Kyle L. Marquardt, Brigitte Seim, Michael Coppedge, Amanda Edgell, Juraj Medzihorsky, Daniel Pemstein, Jan Teorell, John Gerring, Staffan I. Lindberg, “Conceptual and Measurement Issues in Assessing Democratic Backsliding,” University of Gothenburg, Varieties of Democracy Institute: Working Paper No. 140. May 2023.
2022
Michael Coppedge, “Democracy and Autocracy Are Contagious,” post on the International Forum for Democratic Studies blog, “Power 3.0: Understanding Modern Authoritarian Influence,” February 24, 2022. https://www.power3point0.org/2022/02/24/democracy-and-autocracy-are-contagious/
2021
Kelly M. McMann, Matthew Maguire, John Gerring, Michael Coppedge, and Staffan I. Lindberg, “Explaining Subnational Regime Variation: Country-Level Factors.” Comparative Politics 53:4 (July 2021): 637-661.
John Gerring, Carl Henrik Knutsen, Svend-Erik Skaaning, Matthew Maguire, Jan Teorell, and Michael Coppedge, “Electoral Democracy and Human Development,” Democratization 28:2 (2021): 308-332.
2020
“Prefácio,” in Diego Moraes and Humberto Dantas, eds., Índice de Democracia Local: Estudos a Partir da Experiência de São Paulo. Curitiba: Instituto Sivis, 2020. Published online only.
2019
Staffan I. Lindberg, Michael Coppedge, John Gerring, Carl Henrik Knutsen, Joshua Krusell, Kyle L. Marquardt, Juraj Medzihorsky, Josefine Pernes, Natalia Stepanova, Svend-Erik Skaaning, Jan Teorell, Daniel Pemstein, Eitan Tzelgov, Yi-ting Wang, and Steven L. Wilson, “The Methodology of ‘Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem),” Bulletin de Méthodologie Sociologique, forthcoming 2019.
Jan Teorell, Michael Coppedge, Staffan I. Lindberg, and Svend-Erik Skaaning, “Measuring Polyarchy across the Globe, 1900-2016.” Studies in Comparative International Development 54:71-95.
Michael Coppedge and David Kuehn, “Introduction: Absorbing the Four Methodological Disruptions in Democratization Research?” Democratization 26:1 (25th Anniversary Special Issue), 2019, 1-20.
2018
Michael Coppedge, “Rethinking Consensus vs. Majoritarian Democracy.” University of Gothenburg, Varieties of Democracy Institute: Working Paper No. 78. October 2018.
Carl Henrik Knutsen, John Gerring, Svend-Erik Skaaning, Jan Teorell, Matthew Maguire, Michael Coppedge, and Staffan I. Lindberg, “Economic Development and Democracy: A Disaggregated Perspective,” Annals of Comparative Democratization (formerly APSA-CD) 16:3 (September 2018), pp. 7-11.
Carl Henrik Knutsen, John Gerring, Svend-Erik Skaaning, Jan Teorell, Matthew Maguire, Michael Coppedge and Staffan I. Lindberg, “Economic Development and Democracy: An Electoral Connection,” European Journal of Political Research, published online as of April 2018.
Fernando Bizzarro, John Gerring, Carl Henrik Knutsen, Allen Hicken, Michael Bernhard, Svend-Erik Skaaning, Michael Coppedge, and Staffan I. Lindberg, “Party Strength and Economic Growth.” World Politics 70:2 (April 2018): 275-320.
2017
Michael Coppedge, “Eroding Regimes: What, Where, and When?” University of Gothenburg, Varieties of Democracy Institute: Working Paper No. 57. November 2017.
Michael Bernhard, Eitan Tzelgov, Dong-Joon Jung, Michael Coppedge, and Staffan I. Lindberg, “Making Embedded Knowledge Transparent: How the V-Dem Dataset Opens New Vistas in Civil Society Research.” Perspectives on Politics 15:2 (June 2017).
Fernando Bizzarro and Michael Coppedge, “Variedades da Democracia no Brasil,” Opinião Pública, vol. 23, no. 1 (April 2017): 1-42.
Michael Coppedge, John Gerring, Staffan I. Lindberg, Svend-Erik Skaaning, and Jan Teorell, “V-Dem Comparisons and Contrasts with Other Measurement Projects.” University of Gothenburg, Varieties of Democracy Institute: Working Paper No. 45. April 2017.
2016
Michael Coppedge, Staffan I. Lindberg, Svend-Erik Skaaning, and Jan Teorell, “Measuring High Level Democratic Principles using the V-Dem Data,” International Political Science Review 37:5 (November 2016): 580-593.
“A Democracia e seus desafios,” [op-ed] Indústria e Comércio (São Paulo), August 30, 2016; and Bem Paraná (Curitiba, Brazil), September 9, 2016.
Michael Coppedge, Benjamin Denison, Lucia Tiscornia and Staffan I. Lindberg, “Varieties of Democratic Diffusion: Neighbors, Trade, and Alliance Networks,” Varieties of Democracy Institute Working Paper No. 2 (revised), June 2016.
Jan Teorell, Michael Coppedge, Staffan I. Lindberg, and Svend-Erik Skaaning, “Measuring Electoral Democracy with V-Dem Data: Introducing a New Polyarchy Index.” Varieties of Democracy Institute Working Paper No. 25, March 2016.
2015
Carl Henrik Knutsen, John Gerring, Svend-Erik Skaaning, Jan Teorell, Matthew Maguire, Michael Coppedge, and Staffan Lindberg, “Economic Development and Democracy: An Electoral Connection.” Varieties of Democracy Working Paper No. 16, November 2015.
Tiago Fernandes, João Cancela, Michael Coppedge, Staffan I. Lindberg, and Allen Hicken, “Measuring Political Participation in Southern Europe: The Varieties of Democracy Approach”. Varieties of Democracy Working Paper No. 15, November 2015.
Fernando Bizzarro Neto and Michael Coppedge, “O Brasil na perspectiva do Projeto Variedades da Democracia.” Varieties of Democracy Working Paper No. 14, November 2015.
Michael Bernhard, Eitan Tzelgov, Dong-Joon Jung, Michael Coppedge, and Staffan I. Lindberg, “The Varieties of Democracy Core Civil Society Index.” Varieties of Democracy Working Paper No. 13, October 2015.
Michael Bernhard, Fernando Bizzarro, Michael Coppedge, John Gerring, Allen Hicken, Carl Henrik Knutsen, Staffan I. Lindberg and Svend-Erik Skaaning, “Party Strength and Economic Growth.” Varieties of Democracy Working Paper No. 10, September 2015.
John Gerring, Carl Henrik Knutsen, Svend-Erik Skaaning, Jan Teorell, Michael Coppedge, Staffan I. Lindberg and Matthew Maguire, “Electoral Democracy and Human Development.” Varieties of Democracy Working Paper No. 9. August 2015.
Michael Coppedge, Staffan I. Lindberg, Svend-Erik Skaaning, and Jan Teorell, “Measuring High Level Democratic Principles using the V-Dem Data,” Varieties of Democracy Working Paper No. 6, May 2015.
Michael Coppedge, Lucia Tiscornia and Staffan I. Lindberg, “Varieties of Democratic Diffusion: Colonial Networks,” Varieties of Democracy Institute: Working Paper No. 2. March 2015.
2014
Staffan I. Lindberg, Michael Coppedge, John Gerring, Jan Teorell, David Altman, Michael Bernhard, Steven Fish, Adam Glynn, Alan Hicken, Matthew Kroenig, Kelly McMann, Pamela Paxton, Daniel Pemstein, Megan Reif, Svend-Erik Skaaning, Jeffrey Staton, Eitan Tzelgov, and Yi-ting Wang, “V-Dem: A New Way to Measure Democracy,” Journal of Democracy 25: 3 (July 2014): 159-169.
2013
Rodrigo Castro Cornejo and Michael Coppedge, “El Salvador: A Country Report Based on Data 1900-2012,” V-Dem Country Report Series, No. 4, November 2013. Prepared for The European Union, represented by the European Commission under Service Contract No. EIDHR 2012/298/903. 33 pages.
Rodrigo Castro Cornejo, Amadou S. Diop, and Michael Coppedge (with assistance from Ryan Schultheis, AnnaLee Rice, and Andrew Bramsen), “Senegal: A Country Report Based on Data 1900-2012,” V-Dem Country Report Series, No. 3, November 2013. Prepared for The European Union, represented by the European Commission under Service Contract No. EIDHR 2012/298/903. 35 pages.
2012
Michael Coppedge, John Gerring, Staffan I. Lindberg, “Variedades de Democracia: Un Enfoque Histórico, Multidimensional y Desagregado,” [trans. Ana Bovino] Revista Española de Ciencia Política No. 30, November 2012, pp. 97-109.
“O’Donnell the Conceptual Artist,” APSA-CD: Comparative Democratization 10:2 (June 2012).
2011
Michael Coppedge and John Gerring, with David Altman, Michael Bernhard, Steven Fish, Allen Hicken, Matthew Kroenig, Staffan I. Lindberg, Kelly McMann, Pamela Paxton, Holli A. Semetko, Svend-Erik Skaaning, Jeffrey Staton, and Jan Teorell, “Conceptualizing and Measuring Democracy: A New Approach,” Perspectives on Politics 9:2 (June 2011): 247-267.
“Varieties of Democracy: Rethinking Democracy Measurement,” Newsletter of the Helen Kellogg Institute for International Studies, Number 26 (Fall 2011), pp. 16-17.
2010
“Continuidad y cambio en los sistemas de partidos de América Latina,” in Ilán Bizberg, ed., Mexico en el espejo latinoamericano (Colegio de México and Konrad Adenauer Foundation, 2010), pp. 63-107. English version, “Continuity and Change in Latin American Party Systems,” in T.J. Cheng, untitled book seeking publisher.
Henry Brady, Michael Brintnall, and Michael Coppedge, “Grand Challenge: Improving Measures of Democracy and Governance,” white paper for National Science Foundation Directorate for Social, Behavioral, and Economic Sciences, SBE 2020: Future Research in the Social, Behavioral & Economic Sciences (October 2010).
2009
“Speedbumps on the Road to Multimethod Consensus,” Qualitative and Multi-Method Research 7:2 (Fall 2009): 15-17.
2008
Michael Coppedge, Angel Alvarez, and Claudia Maldonado, “Two Persistent Dimensions of Democracy: Contestation and Inclusiveness,” Journal of Politics 70:3 (July 2008): 632-647.
“Acción Democrática,” in Torcuato S. DiTella, ed., El repertorio político latinoamericano (5 volumes) (Buenos Aires: Siglo XXI, 2008). 2 pp.
“Comentario sobre Sartori, ‘Concept Misformation in Comparative Politics,’” for the Revista Latinoamericana de Política Comparada (Ecuador) 1:1 (July 2008): 71-72.
2007
Michael Coppedge, Angel Alvarez, and Lucas González, “Drugs, Civil War, and the Conditional Impact of the Economy on Democracy,” Kellogg Institute Working Paper Series No. 341 (October 2007).
“Thickening Thin Concepts: Issues in Large-N Data Generation,” in Gerardo Munck, ed., Regimes and Democracy in Latin America: Theories and Methods (Oxford University Press, 2007), pp. 105-122.
“Theory Building and Hypothesis Testing: Large- vs. Small-N Research on Democratization,” in Gerardo Munck, ed., Regimes and Democracy in Latin America: Theories and Methods (Oxford University Press, 2007), pp. 163-177.
“Continuity and Change in Latin American Party Systems,” Taiwan Journal of Democracy 3:2 (December 2007): 119-149.
“Case Studies Are for Intensive Testing and Theory Development, Not Extensive Testing,” Qualitative Methods 5:2 (Fall 2007): 2-3.
“In Defense of Polyarchy,” in special issue on democracy promotion, NACLA Report on the Americas 40:1 (January/February 2007): 36-38.
2006
Daniel Brinks and Michael Coppedge, “Diffusion Is No Illusion: Neighbor Emulation in the Third Wave of Democracy” Comparative Political Studies 39:4 (May 2006): 463-489. Honorable Mention for the Best Article prize from the APSA Organized Section on Comparative Democratization.
2005
“Explaining Democratic Deterioration in Venezuela Through Nested Inference,” in Frances Hagopian and Scott Mainwaring, eds., The Third Wave of Democratization in Latin America, pp. 289-316 (Cambridge University Press, 2005).
“Defining and Measuring Democracy,” IPSA/APSA Committee on Concepts and Methods Electronic Working Paper Series (April 2005). 55 pp.
2004
“Quality of Democracy and Its Measurement,” in Guillermo O’Donnell, Jorge Vargas Cullell, and Osvaldo M. Iazzetta, eds., The Quality of Democracy: Theory and Applications (Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 2004), pp. 239-248. Published in Spanish as “La calidad de la democracia y su medición,” in Guillermo O’Donnell, Jorge Vargas Cullell, and Osvaldo M. Iazzetta, eds., Democracia, desarrollo humano y ciudadanía: Reflexiones sobre la calidad de la democracia en América Latina (Rosario, Argentina: Homo Sapiens, 2003), pp. 339-350.
2003
“Venezuela: Popular Sovereignty versus Liberal Democracy,” in Jorge I. Domínguez and Michael Shifter, eds., Constructing Democratic Governance, 2nd ed. (Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2003), pp. 165-192. Published in Spanish as “Soberanía popular versus democracia liberal en Venezuela,” in Jorge I. Domínguez and Michael Shifter, eds., Construyendo gobernabilidad democrática (Bogotá: Fondo de Cultura Económica, 2005), pp. 183-212. Published in Spanish (a different translation) as “Soberanía popular versus democracia liberal en Venezuela,” in Marisa Ramos Rollón, ed., Venezuela: Rupturas y continuidades del proceso político (1999-2001) (Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca, 2002), pp. 69-95. Early draft issued as “Venezuela: Popular Sovereignty versus Liberal Democracy,” Kellogg Institute Working Paper #294 (April 2002).
2002
“Democracy and Dimensions: Comments on Munck and Verkuilen,” in the Symposium on Gerardo Munck and Jay Verkuilen, “Conceptualizing and Measuring Democracy: Evaluating Alternative Indices,” Comparative Political Studies 35:1(February 2002): 35-39.
2001
“Latin American Parties: Political Darwinism in the Lost Decade,” in Larry Diamond and Richard Gunther, eds., Political Parties and Democracy (Johns Hopkins UP, 2001), pp. 173-205. Published in Spanish as “Partidos latinoamericanos: Darwinismo político en la década perdida,” Revista Argentina de Ciencia Política 4 (December 2000): 113-146.
“Venezuela,” in Cynthia Arnson, ed., The Crisis of Democratic Governance in the Andes (Washington, DC: Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, Latin America Program, 2001), pp. 33-42.
2000
“Parties and the Representation of Conservative Interests in Venezuela,” in Kevin J. Middlebrook, ed., Conservative Parties, Elite Representation, and Democracy in Latin America, pp. 110-136 (Johns Hopkins UP, 2000). Revised from “Venezuela: Conservative Representation Without Conservative Parties,” Kellogg Institute Working Paper #268 (June 1999).
1999
“Thickening Thin Concepts and Theories: Combining Large N and Small in Comparative Politics,” Comparative Politics 31:4 (July 1999): 465-76. Reprinted in Alan Sica, ed., Comparative Methods in the Social Sciences, SAGE Benchmarks in Social Research Methods Series (New Delhi: Sage Publications India, 2005). Also reprinted in causal inference section of the first volume of the Series, Quantitative Strategies for Social Science Research (Quantitative Research Lab, FLACSO-México), 2014.
1990-1999
30 articles on Peru, Ecuador, and Venezuela for the Encyclopedia Americana Book of the Year 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, and 1999 (Grolier, 1990-99).
1998
“The Dynamic Diversity of Latin American Party Systems,” Party Politics 4:4 (October 1998): 547-68. Also published in Spanish as “La diversidad dinámica de los sistemas de partidos latinoamericanos,” POSTData (U. Quilmes, Argentina) 6 (July 2000): 109-134.
“Electoral Reform Processes,” for Administration and Cost of Elections CD and on-line encyclopedia (a joint project of International IDEA, the International Foundation for Election Systems, and UNDP, September 1998). <http://www.at.org/ace>
“The Evolution of Latin American Party Systems,” in Scott Mainwaring and Arturo Valenzuela, eds., Politics, Society, and Democracy: Latin America, pp. 171-206 (Westview, 1998).
1997
“District Magnitude, Economic Performance, and Party-System Fragmentation in Five Latin American Countries,” Comparative Political Studies 30:2 (April 1997): 156-85.
“Modernization and Thresholds of Democracy: Evidence for a Common Path and Process,” in Manus Midlarsky, ed., Inequality, Democracy, and Economic Development, pp. 177-201 (Cambridge UP, 1997). Spanish version published as “Modernización y umbrales de democracia: Evidencias de un camino y un proceso comunes,” in Ernesto López and Scott Mainwaring, comps., Democracia: Discusiones y nuevas aproximaciones (Buenos Aires: Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, 2000), pp. 103-135 (translated by Horacio Pons).
“A Classification of Latin American Political Parties,” Kellogg Institute Working Paper No. 244 (November 1997).
“El concepto de la gobernabilidad: Modelos positivos y negativos,” in Esteban Vega, ed., Ecuador: Un problema de gobernabilidad (Quito: Corporación de Estudios para el Desarrollo (CORDES), 1997).
1996
“The Rise and Fall of Partyarchy in Venezuela,” in Jorge Domínguez and Abraham F. Lowenthal, eds., Constructing Democratic Governance: Latin America and the Caribbean in the 1990s, Part III, pp. 3-19 (Johns Hopkins UP, 1996).
1995
“Partidocracia and Reform in Comparative Perspective,” in J. McCoy, A. Serbín, W. Smith, and A. Stambouli, eds., Venezuelan Democracy Under Stress (Transaction/North-South Center, 1995), pp. 173-96. In Spanish as “Partidocracia comparativa,” in J. McCoy, A. Serbín, W. Smith, and A. Stambouli, eds., Democracia bajo presión (Caracas: Nueva Sociedad, 1993), pp. 139-60.
“Polyarchy,” in S.M. Lipset, ed., The Encyclopedia of Democracy (Congressional Quarterly Books, 1995).
“Andean Countries,” in S.M. Lipset, ed., The Encyclopedia of Democracy (Congressional Quarterly Books, 1995).
“Instituciones y gobernabilidad democrática en América Latina,” Síntesis (Madrid) 22 (julio-diciembre 1995); also in Antonio Camou, ed., Los desafíos de la gobernabilidad (Mexico City: UNAM and FLACSO).
“Freezing in the Tropics: Explaining Party-System Institutionalization in Latin America.” Paper presented at the 1995 Meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association, Chicago, April 6-8. The title of the original version was “Democratic Consolidation and Party-System Volatility in Latin America.” Unpublished.
1994
“Prospects for Democratic Governability in Venezuela,” Journal of Inter-American Studies and World Affairs 36:2 (Summer 1994): 39-64. In Spanish as “Perspectivas de la gobernabilidad democrática en Venezuela,” América Latina Hoy (Madrid) 2:8 (June 1994): 63-72.
“Venezuela: Democratic Despite Presidentialism,” in Juan J. Linz and Arturo Valenzuela, eds., The Failure of Presidential Democracy: The Case of Latin America, pp. 322-47 (Johns Hopkins, 1994).
1993
“Parties and Society in Mexico and Venezuela: Why Competition Matters,” Comparative Politics 25:3 (April 1993): 253-74. Reprinted in Jorge I. Domínguez, ed., Mexico, Central, and South America: New Perspectives, vol. 4: Political Parties (New York: Routledge, 2005). Also reprinted in Jorge I. Domínguez, ed., Mexico, Central, and South America: The Scholarly Literature of the 1990s (New York: Garland, 2002).
“Venezuela,” in The Oxford Companion to Politics of the World (Oxford University Press, 1993), pp. 887-888. Revised for second edition, 1999.
“Mexican Democracy: You Can’t Get There from Here,” in Riordan Roett, ed., Political and Economic Liberalization in Mexico: At a Critical Juncture?, pp. 127-40 (Lynne Rienner, 1993). In Spanish as “La democracia mexicana se encuentra fuera de rumbo,” in Riordan Roett, ed., La liberalización económica y política de México, pp. 184-203 (Mexico City: Siglo XXI, 1993).
1992
“Venezuela’s Vulnerable Democracy,” Journal of Democracy 3:4 (October 1992): 32-44. Updated version reprinted in English, Spanish, and Russian as “Political Barriers to Economic Reform: Venezuela,” Economic Reform Today 3:1 (Winter 1993).
“Prospectos de reestructuración económica y política en México,” Este País (Mexico), No. 14 (May 1992): 43-45.
1990
Michael Coppedge and Wolfgang Reinicke, “Measuring Polyarchy,” Studies in Comparative International Development 25:1 (Spring 1990): 51-72. Reprinted in Alex Inkeles, ed., On Measuring Democracy: Its Consequences and Concomitants, pp. 47-68 (Transaction, 1991).
1988
(with Wolfgang Reinicke) “A Scale of Polyarchy,” in Raymond D. Gastil, ed., Freedom in the World: Political Rights and Civil Liberties, 1987-1988 (Freedom House, 1988).
“La política interna de Acción Democrática durante la crisis económica,” Cuadernos del CENDES No. 7, 2da Epoca (January-April 1988).